오류를 사용자 지정 메시지로 바꾸기

Question

내 프로그램은 이미지 처리에 관한 것이므로 사용자가 이미지를 열 때 실행 여부를 묻습니다. 나는 열린 메시지 상자에 "You didn't choose any image" 같은 사용자 정의 메시지와 함께 해당 오류를 대체하기 위해 노력하고있어

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "<string>", line 420, in run_nodebug 
    File "E:\Projet Complet\Test 2.py", line 255, in <module> 
    Ima1=Image.open(a) 
    File "C:\EduPython\App\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 2317, in open 
    fp = io.BytesIO(fp.read()) 
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'read' 

: 사용자가 모든 이미지를 선택하지 않고 창을 닫한다면, 나는 다음과 같은 오류가 발생합니다. 메시지 상자를 여는 방법을 알고 있지만 오류 메시지를 바꾸는 방법을 모르겠습니다.

main.withdraw() 
try: 
    a = filedialog.askopenfilename() 
    main.deiconify() 
except AttributeError: 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Image Error", "You didn't choose any image.") 
    sys.exit() 

를하지만 나에게 위의 오류를 제공합니다 : 나는이 일을 시도. 다음은 전체 코드입니다 :

from tkinter import* 
import tkinter as Tkinter 
from tkinter import filedialog, DISABLED, messagebox as tkMessageBox 
import os 
import ntpath 
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageFilter 
import PIL 
from collections import Counter 
from random import randint 
import random 
import PIL.ImageOps 


def EchelleDeGris(): 
    Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1])) 
    px=Ima1.load() 
    px1=Ima2.load() 
    for x in range(z[0]): 
     for y in range(z[1]): 
      p=px[x,y] 
      if type(p)==int: 
       p=(p,p,p) 
      o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3) 
      px1[x,y]=(o,o,o) 
    Ima2.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def SupprimerImage(): 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def Luminosite(): 
    Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1])) 
    px=Ima1.load() 
    px1=Ima2.load() 
    for x in range(z[0]): 
     for y in range(z[1]): 
      p=px[x,y] 
      if type(p)==int: 
       p=(p,p,p) 
      px1[x,y]=(p[0]+S1.get(),p[1]+S1.get(),p[2]+S1.get()) 
    Ima2.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def AnnulerModifications(): 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def get_pixel(pixels, x, y): 
    try: 
     return pixels[x, y] 
    except IndexError: 
     return None 


def get_neighbors(pixels, x, y): 
    neighbors = list() 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y - 1)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x, y + 1)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y - 1)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x - 1, y + 1)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y - 1)) 
    neighbors.append(get_pixel(pixels, x + 1, y + 1)) 
    return neighbors 


def filter_art(pixels, size): 
    indexes = dict() 
    for x in range(size[0]): 
     for y in range(size[1]): 
      color = get_pixel(pixels, x, y) 
      neighbors = get_neighbors(pixels, x, y) 
      new_color = Counter(neighbors).most_common()[0][0] 
      if new_color is not None: 
       indexes[x, y] = new_color 
    for x, y in indexes: 
     pixels[x, y] = indexes[x, y] 


def pop_art(path_orig, path_mod, coef): 

    s=[] 
    for i in range(9): 

     r=(randint(0,255), randint(0,255), randint(0,255)) 
     g=(randint(0,255), randint(0,255), randint(0,255)) 
     b=(randint(0,255), randint(0,255), randint(0,255)) 

     image_orig = Image.open(path_orig) 
     size = image_orig.size 
     image_mod = Image.new("RGB",(size[0],size[1])) 
     pixels_orig = image_orig.load() 
     pixels_mod = image_mod.load() 
     for x in range(size[0]): 
      for y in range(size[1]): 
       p = pixels_orig[x, y] 
       if isinstance(p, int): 
        rgb = (p,p,p) 
       elif isinstance(p, tuple) and len(p) in (3, 4): 
        rgb = p[:3] 
       else: 
        raise TypeError('Unknown pallete') 
       average_color = sum(rgb)/3 
       if average_color <= 85: 
        pixels_mod[x, y] = r 
       elif 85 < average_color <= 170: 
        pixels_mod[x, y] = g 
       elif average_color > 170: 
        pixels_mod[x, y] = b 
     for _ in range(coef): 
      filter_art(pixels_mod, size) 
     image_mod.save(''+dir_path+'\\PopArt\\Modified Images\\result'+str(i)+'.png') 
     Img=[None]*9 
    for i in range(9): 
     Img[i]=Image.open(""+dir_path+"\\PopArt\\Modified Images\\result"+str(i)+".png") 
     basewidth = int(Img[i].size[1]/3) 
     wpercent = (basewidth/float(Img[i].size[0])) 
     hsize = int((float(Img[i].size[1]) * float(wpercent))) 
     Img[i] = Img[i].resize((basewidth , hsize), PIL.Image.ANTIALIAS) 
     Img[i].save(''+dir_path+'\\PopArt\\Resized Images\\resized_image'+str(i)+'.png') 


    Img1=[None]*9 
    pixels1=[None]*9 
    Imaz=Image.new("RGB",(basewidth*3,hsize*3)) 
    pixels=Imaz.load() 
    for i in range(9): 
     Img1[i]=Image.open(''+dir_path+'\\PopArt\\Resized Images\\resized_image'+str(i)+'.png') 
     pixels1[i]=Img1[i].load() 


    for x in range(0,basewidth): 
     for y in range(0,hsize): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[0][x,y] 
     for y in range(hsize,hsize*2): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[1][x,y-hsize] 
     for y in range(hsize*2,hsize*3): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[2][x,y-hsize*2] 

    for x in range(basewidth,basewidth*2): 
     for y in range(0,hsize): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[3][x-basewidth,y] 
     for y in range(hsize,hsize*2): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[4][x-basewidth,y-hsize] 
     for y in range(hsize*2,hsize*3): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[5][x-basewidth,y-hsize*2] 

    for x in range(basewidth*2,basewidth*3): 
     for y in range(0,hsize): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[6][x-basewidth*2,y] 
     for y in range(hsize,hsize*2): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[7][x-basewidth*2,y-hsize] 
     for y in range(hsize*2,hsize*3): 
      pixels[x,y]=pixels1[8][x-basewidth*2,y-hsize*2] 
    Imaz = Imaz.resize((size[0] , size[1]), PIL.Image.ANTIALIAS) 
    Imaz.save(""+dir_path+"\\PopArt\\Result Image\\result.png") 


def usepop(): 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\traitement.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 
    I2.update_idletasks() 
    pop_art(a, None, coef=4) 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\PopArt\\Result Image\\result.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def change_contrast(level): 

    img = Image.open(a) 
    img.load() 

    factor = (259 * (level+255))/(255 * (259-level)) 
    for x in range(img.size[0]): 
     for y in range(img.size[1]): 
      color = img.getpixel((x, y)) 
      if type(color) == int: 
       color=(color,color,color) 
       new_color = tuple(int(factor * (c-128) + 128) for c in color) 
       new_color = new_color[0] 
       img.putpixel((x, y), new_color) 
      elif type(color) != int: 
       new_color = tuple(int(factor * (c-128) + 128) for c in color) 
       img.putpixel((x, y), new_color) 
    return img 

def use_contrast(): 
    result = change_contrast(S2.get()) 
    result.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

def recherche_contours(): 
    Ima2=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1])) 
    px=Ima1.load() 
    px1=Ima2.load() 
    for x in range(z[0]): 
     for y in range(z[1]): 
      p=px[x,y] 
      if type(p)==int: 
       p=(p,p,p) 
      o=int((p[0]+p[1]+p[2])/3) 
      px1[x,y]=(o,o,o) 
    Ima2 = Ima2.filter(ImageFilter.FIND_EDGES) 
    image = Ima2 
    if image.mode == 'RGBA': 
     r,g,b,a = image.split() 
     rgb_image = Image.merge('RGB', (r,g,b)) 

     inverted_image = PIL.ImageOps.invert(rgb_image) 

     r2,g2,b2 = inverted_image.split() 

     final_transparent_image = Image.merge('RGBA', (r2,g2,b2,a)) 

     final_transparent_image.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 

    else: 
     inverted_image = PIL.ImageOps.invert(image) 
     inverted_image.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    im2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\ImageMod.png") 
    main.image = im2 
    I2 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im2) 
    I2.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 

main=Tk() 

main.withdraw() 
try: 
    a = filedialog.askopenfilename() 
    main.deiconify() 
except AttributeError: 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Resolution Error", "The image is too big, please select a smaller one.") 
    sys.exit() 


dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath("Test2.py")) 

main.configure(background="#a1dbcd") 
main.title("Photoshop Version.Megzari") 
try: 
    Ima1=Image.open(a) 
    z=Ima1.size 
    nux=Image.new("RGB",(z[0],z[1])) 
    nuxy=nux.load() 
    for x in range(z[0]): 
     for y in range(z[1]): 
      nuxy[x,y]=(255,255,255) 
    nux.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\Blank.png") 


    main.withdraw() 
    a = filedialog.askopenfilename() 
except AttributeError: 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Image Error", "You didn't choose any image.") 
    sys.exit() 
main.deiconify() 

if z>(400,400): 
    main.withdraw() 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Resolution Error", "The image is too big, please select a smaller one.") 
    sys.exit() 

elif z<(400,400): 
    im1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=a) 
    I1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=im1) 
    I1.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan =3) 
    imt = ImageTk.PhotoImage(file=""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\Blank.png") 
    T1 = Tkinter.Label(main, image=imt) 
    T1.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan =4) 
    B1 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Echelle de gris", command = EchelleDeGris, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", state=NORMAL) 
    B1.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=0) 
    B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Luminosité", command = Luminosite, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=1) 
    S1 = Scale(main, from_=0, to=254, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", length = 200) 
    S1.grid(row=2, column=1) 
    B2 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Supprimer Image", command = SupprimerImage, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B2.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=7) 
    B3 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Annuler Modifications", command = AnnulerModifications, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B3.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=6) 
    B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Pop Art", command = usepop, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=3) 
    S2 = Scale(main, from_=-258, to=258, orient=HORIZONTAL, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39", length = 200) 
    S2.grid(row=2, column=4) 
    B4 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Appliquer Contraste", command = use_contrast, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B4.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=4) 
    B5 = Tkinter.Button(main, text ="Trouver Contours", command = recherche_contours, fg="#a1dbcd", bg="#383a39") 
    B5.grid(padx=20, pady=20, row=1, column=5) 

    s=S1.get() 
    s2=S2.get() 




main.mainloop() 

EDIT1 : 에게 나는 @Juan T에서 답을 적용하고, 메시지를 표시했지만 그것이 내가 sys.exit()

를 시작에도 불구하고 창을 닫습니다하지 않습니다

EDIT2 : 나는이 코드를 실행하면 지금, 나는 실리 : 내가했던 일은, 그것을 해결하는 방법을 발견 한 것은

이 EDIT3 sys.exit() 이전 main.destroy()을 추가했다 이미지를 저장하면 이미지를 다시 표시합니다. 나는 그것이 한 번 프롬프트를 원한다.

EDIT4 : 문제점을 일으키는 코드에 오래된 스 니펫이 숨겨져있어 문제가 해결되었습니다.

Answer 1

이전에 try을 입력하면 작동합니다. 그래서, 대신 :

Ima1=Image.open(a) 
z=Ima1.size 
... 
nux.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\Blank.png") 


main.withdraw() 
try: 
    a = filedialog.askopenfilename() 
except AttributeError: 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Image Error", "You didn't choose any image.") 
    sys.exit() 
main.deiconify() 

고려 :

try: 
    Ima1=Image.open(a) 
    z=Ima1.size 
    ... 
    nux.save(""+dir_path+"\\Requirements\\Blank.png") 

    main.withdraw() 

    a = filedialog.askopenfilename() 
except AttributeError: 
    tkMessageBox.showinfo("Image Error", "You didn't choose any image.") 
    sys.exit() 
main.deiconify()